diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/Settings/DiskController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/Settings/DiskController.php
index a45925be..95033655 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/Settings/DiskController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/Settings/DiskController.php
@@ -6,12 +6,17 @@ use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Http\Requests\DiskEnvironmentRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\FileDiskResource;
 use App\Models\FileDisk;
+use App\Services\FileDiskService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Http\Response;
 
 class DiskController extends Controller
 {
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly FileDiskService $fileDiskService,
+    ) {}
+
     /**
      * @return JsonResponse
      */
@@ -34,11 +39,11 @@ class DiskController extends Controller
     {
         $this->authorize('manage file disk');
 
-        if (! FileDisk::validateCredentials($request->credentials, $request->driver)) {
+        if (! $this->fileDiskService->validateCredentials($request->credentials, $request->driver)) {
             return respondJson('invalid_credentials', 'Invalid Credentials.');
         }
 
-        $disk = FileDisk::createDisk($request);
+        $disk = $this->fileDiskService->create($request);
 
         return new FileDiskResource($disk);
     }
@@ -55,13 +60,13 @@ class DiskController extends Controller
         $driver = $request->driver;
 
         if ($credentials && $driver && $disk->type !== 'SYSTEM') {
-            if (! FileDisk::validateCredentials($credentials, $driver)) {
+            if (! $this->fileDiskService->validateCredentials($credentials, $driver)) {
                 return respondJson('invalid_credentials', 'Invalid Credentials.');
             }
 
-            $disk->updateDisk($request);
+            $this->fileDiskService->update($disk, $request);
         } elseif ($request->set_as_default) {
-            $disk->setAsDefaultDisk();
+            $this->fileDiskService->setAsDefault($disk);
         }
 
         return new FileDiskResource($disk);
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Company/CustomField/CustomFieldsController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Company/CustomField/CustomFieldsController.php
index 1643e1fb..8ec991a8 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Company/CustomField/CustomFieldsController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Company/CustomField/CustomFieldsController.php
@@ -6,11 +6,16 @@ use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
 use App\Http\Requests\CustomFieldRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\CustomFieldResource;
 use App\Models\CustomField;
+use App\Services\CustomFieldService;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Http\Response;
 
 class CustomFieldsController extends Controller
 {
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly CustomFieldService $customFieldService,
+    ) {}
+
     /**
      * Display a listing of the resource.
      *
@@ -40,7 +45,7 @@ class CustomFieldsController extends Controller
     {
         $this->authorize('create', CustomField::class);
 
-        $customField = CustomField::createCustomField($request);
+        $customField = $this->customFieldService->create($request);
 
         return new CustomFieldResource($customField);
     }
@@ -69,7 +74,7 @@ class CustomFieldsController extends Controller
     {
         $this->authorize('update', $customField);
 
-        $customField->updateCustomField($request);
+        $this->customFieldService->update($customField, $request);
 
         return new CustomFieldResource($customField);
     }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Company/ExchangeRate/ExchangeRateProviderController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Company/ExchangeRate/ExchangeRateProviderController.php
index a2074c68..a2ca92f2 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Company/ExchangeRate/ExchangeRateProviderController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Company/ExchangeRate/ExchangeRateProviderController.php
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ use App\Models\ExchangeRateProvider;
 use App\Models\Invoice;
 use App\Models\Payment;
 use App\Models\Tax;
+use App\Services\ExchangeRateProviderService;
 use App\Traits\ExchangeRateProvidersTrait;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Http\Response;
@@ -23,6 +24,10 @@ class ExchangeRateProviderController extends Controller
 {
     use ExchangeRateProvidersTrait;
 
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly ExchangeRateProviderService $exchangeRateProviderService,
+    ) {}
+
     /**
      * Display a listing of the resource.
      *
@@ -49,16 +54,16 @@ class ExchangeRateProviderController extends Controller
     {
         $this->authorize('create', ExchangeRateProvider::class);
 
-        $query = ExchangeRateProvider::checkActiveCurrencies($request);
+        $query = $this->exchangeRateProviderService->checkActiveCurrencies($request);
 
         if (count($query) !== 0) {
             return respondJson('currency_used', 'Currency used.');
         }
 
-        $checkConverterApi = ExchangeRateProvider::checkExchangeRateProviderStatus($request);
+        $checkConverterApi = $this->exchangeRateProviderService->checkProviderStatus($request);
 
         if ($checkConverterApi->status() == 200) {
-            $exchangeRateProvider = ExchangeRateProvider::createFromRequest($request);
+            $exchangeRateProvider = $this->exchangeRateProviderService->create($request);
 
             return new ExchangeRateProviderResource($exchangeRateProvider);
         }
@@ -88,16 +93,16 @@ class ExchangeRateProviderController extends Controller
     {
         $this->authorize('update', $exchangeRateProvider);
 
-        $query = $exchangeRateProvider->checkUpdateActiveCurrencies($request);
+        $query = $this->exchangeRateProviderService->checkUpdateActiveCurrencies($exchangeRateProvider, $request);
 
         if (count($query) !== 0) {
             return respondJson('currency_used', 'Currency used.');
         }
 
-        $checkConverterApi = ExchangeRateProvider::checkExchangeRateProviderStatus($request);
+        $checkConverterApi = $this->exchangeRateProviderService->checkProviderStatus($request);
 
         if ($checkConverterApi->status() == 200) {
-            $exchangeRateProvider->updateFromRequest($request);
+            $this->exchangeRateProviderService->update($exchangeRateProvider, $request);
 
             return new ExchangeRateProviderResource($exchangeRateProvider);
         }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Company/Item/ItemsController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Company/Item/ItemsController.php
index d348e72a..c50921aa 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Company/Item/ItemsController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Company/Item/ItemsController.php
@@ -8,11 +8,16 @@ use App\Http\Requests\DeleteItemsRequest;
 use App\Http\Resources\ItemResource;
 use App\Models\Item;
 use App\Models\TaxType;
+use App\Services\ItemService;
 use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 
 class ItemsController extends Controller
 {
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly ItemService $itemService,
+    ) {}
+
     /**
      * Retrieve a list of existing Items.
      *
@@ -48,7 +53,7 @@ class ItemsController extends Controller
     {
         $this->authorize('create', Item::class);
 
-        $item = Item::createItem($request);
+        $item = $this->itemService->create($request);
 
         return new ItemResource($item);
     }
@@ -75,7 +80,7 @@ class ItemsController extends Controller
     {
         $this->authorize('update', $item);
 
-        $item = $item->updateItem($request);
+        $item = $this->itemService->update($item, $request);
 
         return new ItemResource($item);
     }
diff --git a/app/Services/CustomFieldService.php b/app/Services/CustomFieldService.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5a6cab83
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Services/CustomFieldService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Models\CustomField;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+
+class CustomFieldService
+{
+    public function create(Request $request): CustomField
+    {
+        $data = $request->validated();
+        $data[getCustomFieldValueKey($request->type)] = $request->default_answer;
+        $data['company_id'] = $request->header('company');
+        $data['slug'] = clean_slug($request->model_type, $request->name);
+
+        return CustomField::create($data);
+    }
+
+    public function update(CustomField $customField, Request $request): CustomField
+    {
+        $data = $request->validated();
+        $data[getCustomFieldValueKey($request->type)] = $request->default_answer;
+        $customField->update($data);
+
+        return $customField;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Services/ExchangeRateProviderService.php b/app/Services/ExchangeRateProviderService.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0234ebde
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Services/ExchangeRateProviderService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Http\Requests\ExchangeRateProviderRequest;
+use App\Models\CompanySetting;
+use App\Models\ExchangeRateLog;
+use App\Models\ExchangeRateProvider;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http;
+
+class ExchangeRateProviderService
+{
+    public function create(ExchangeRateProviderRequest $request): ExchangeRateProvider
+    {
+        return ExchangeRateProvider::create($request->getExchangeRateProviderPayload());
+    }
+
+    public function update(ExchangeRateProvider $provider, ExchangeRateProviderRequest $request): ExchangeRateProvider
+    {
+        $provider->update($request->getExchangeRateProviderPayload());
+
+        return $provider;
+    }
+
+    public function checkActiveCurrencies($request)
+    {
+        return ExchangeRateProvider::whereJsonContains('currencies', $request->currencies)
+            ->where('active', true)
+            ->get();
+    }
+
+    public function checkUpdateActiveCurrencies(ExchangeRateProvider $provider, $request)
+    {
+        return ExchangeRateProvider::where('active', $request->active)
+            ->where('id', '<>', $provider->id)
+            ->whereJsonContains('currencies', $request->currencies)
+            ->get();
+    }
+
+    public function checkProviderStatus($request)
+    {
+        switch ($request['driver']) {
+            case 'currency_freak':
+                $url = 'https://api.currencyfreaks.com/latest?apikey='.$request['key'].'&symbols=INR&base=USD';
+                $response = Http::get($url)->json();
+
+                if (array_key_exists('success', $response)) {
+                    if ($response['success'] == false) {
+                        return respondJson($response['error']['message'], $response['error']['message']);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return response()->json([
+                    'exchangeRate' => array_values($response['rates']),
+                ], 200);
+
+            case 'currency_layer':
+                $url = 'http://api.currencylayer.com/live?access_key='.$request['key'].'&source=INR&currencies=USD';
+                $response = Http::get($url)->json();
+
+                if (array_key_exists('success', $response)) {
+                    if ($response['success'] == false) {
+                        return respondJson($response['error']['info'], $response['error']['info']);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return response()->json([
+                    'exchangeRate' => array_values($response['quotes']),
+                ], 200);
+
+            case 'open_exchange_rate':
+                $url = 'https://openexchangerates.org/api/latest.json?app_id='.$request['key'].'&base=INR&symbols=USD';
+                $response = Http::get($url)->json();
+
+                if (array_key_exists('error', $response)) {
+                    return respondJson($response['message'], $response['description']);
+                }
+
+                return response()->json([
+                    'exchangeRate' => array_values($response['rates']),
+                ], 200);
+
+            case 'currency_converter':
+                $url = $this->getCurrencyConverterUrl($request['driver_config']);
+                $url = $url.'/api/v7/convert?apiKey='.$request['key'];
+
+                $query = 'INR_USD';
+                $url = $url."&q={$query}".'&compact=y';
+                $response = Http::get($url)->json();
+
+                return response()->json([
+                    'exchangeRate' => array_values($response[$query]),
+                ], 200);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function addExchangeRateLog($model): ExchangeRateLog
+    {
+        return ExchangeRateLog::create([
+            'exchange_rate' => $model->exchange_rate,
+            'company_id' => $model->company_id,
+            'base_currency_id' => $model->currency_id,
+            'currency_id' => CompanySetting::getSetting('currency', $model->company_id),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    private function getCurrencyConverterUrl($data): string
+    {
+        return match ($data['type']) {
+            'PREMIUM' => 'https://api.currconv.com',
+            'PREPAID' => 'https://prepaid.currconv.com',
+            'FREE' => 'https://free.currconv.com',
+            'DEDICATED' => $data['url'],
+        };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Services/FileDiskService.php b/app/Services/FileDiskService.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..35265367
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Services/FileDiskService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Models\FileDisk;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+
+class FileDiskService
+{
+    public function create(Request $request): FileDisk
+    {
+        if ($request->set_as_default) {
+            $this->clearDefaults();
+        }
+
+        return FileDisk::create([
+            'credentials' => $request->credentials,
+            'name' => $request->name,
+            'driver' => $request->driver,
+            'set_as_default' => $request->set_as_default,
+            'company_id' => $request->header('company'),
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    public function update(FileDisk $disk, Request $request): FileDisk
+    {
+        $data = [
+            'credentials' => $request->credentials,
+            'name' => $request->name,
+            'driver' => $request->driver,
+        ];
+
+        if (! $disk->set_as_default) {
+            if ($request->set_as_default) {
+                $this->clearDefaults();
+            }
+
+            $data['set_as_default'] = $request->set_as_default;
+        }
+
+        $disk->update($data);
+
+        return $disk;
+    }
+
+    public function setAsDefault(FileDisk $disk): FileDisk
+    {
+        $this->clearDefaults();
+
+        $disk->set_as_default = true;
+        $disk->save();
+
+        return $disk;
+    }
+
+    public function validateCredentials(array $credentials, string $driver): bool
+    {
+        FileDisk::setFilesystem(collect($credentials), $driver);
+
+        $prefix = env('DYNAMIC_DISK_PREFIX', 'temp_');
+
+        try {
+            $root = '';
+            if ($driver == 'dropbox') {
+                $root = $credentials['root'].'/';
+            }
+            \Storage::disk($prefix.$driver)->put($root.'invoiceshelf_temp.text', 'Check Credentials');
+
+            if (\Storage::disk($prefix.$driver)->exists($root.'invoiceshelf_temp.text')) {
+                \Storage::disk($prefix.$driver)->delete($root.'invoiceshelf_temp.text');
+
+                return true;
+            }
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private function clearDefaults(): void
+    {
+        FileDisk::query()->update(['set_as_default' => false]);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Services/ItemService.php b/app/Services/ItemService.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..de338f3a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Services/ItemService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Models\CompanySetting;
+use App\Models\Item;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Auth;
+
+class ItemService
+{
+    public function create(Request $request): Item
+    {
+        $data = $request->validated();
+        $data['company_id'] = $request->header('company');
+        $data['creator_id'] = Auth::id();
+        $data['currency_id'] = CompanySetting::getSetting('currency', $request->header('company'));
+        $item = Item::create($data);
+
+        if ($request->has('taxes')) {
+            foreach ($request->taxes as $tax) {
+                $item->tax_per_item = true;
+                $item->save();
+                $tax['company_id'] = $request->header('company');
+                $item->taxes()->create($tax);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Item::with('taxes')->find($item->id);
+    }
+
+    public function update(Item $item, Request $request): Item
+    {
+        $item->update($request->validated());
+
+        $item->taxes()->delete();
+
+        if ($request->has('taxes')) {
+            foreach ($request->taxes as $tax) {
+                $item->tax_per_item = true;
+                $item->save();
+                $tax['company_id'] = $request->header('company');
+                $item->taxes()->create($tax);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return Item::with('taxes')->find($item->id);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Services/TransactionService.php b/app/Services/TransactionService.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5922eda9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Services/TransactionService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Facades\Hashids;
+use App\Models\Transaction;
+
+class TransactionService
+{
+    public function create(array $data): Transaction
+    {
+        $transaction = Transaction::create($data);
+        $transaction->unique_hash = Hashids::connection(Transaction::class)->encode($transaction->id);
+        $transaction->save();
+
+        return $transaction;
+    }
+
+    public function complete(Transaction $transaction): void
+    {
+        $transaction->status = Transaction::SUCCESS;
+        $transaction->save();
+    }
+
+    public function fail(Transaction $transaction): void
+    {
+        $transaction->status = Transaction::FAILED;
+        $transaction->save();
+    }
+}