fix(ci): stop superseded Docs Deployment runs from showing as cancelled (#42488)

Co-authored-by: Claude Code <noreply@anthropic.com>

.github/workflows/scripts/check-docs-deploy-freshness.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+#
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+# contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+# this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+# The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+# (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+# the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#    http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+#
+# Shared freshness gate used by the Docs Deployment workflow
+# (superset-docs-deploy.yml) both up front (check-freshness) and again right
+# before the deploy step (recheck-freshness). Writes an output declaring
+# whether BUILD_SHA is still master's current tip, so a superseded run can
+# skip cleanly instead of racing (and clobbering, or being force-cancelled
+# by) a fresher run.
+#
+# Required env vars:
+#   BUILD_SHA     - the commit SHA this run is building
+#   REPO          - "owner/repo" to query, e.g. github.repository
+#   OUTPUT_NAME   - the GITHUB_OUTPUT key to write, e.g. "is-current"
+#   GITHUB_OUTPUT - path to append outputs to (set by the Actions runner)
+# Optional env vars:
+#   EVENT_NAME    - if "workflow_dispatch", bypasses the check and always
+#                   reports current, since a manual dispatch is a deliberate,
+#                   one-off action rather than something racing other triggers
+#   GH_TOKEN      - passed through to `gh`, needed to call the GitHub API
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+if [ "${EVENT_NAME:-}" = "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
+  echo "${OUTPUT_NAME}=true" >>"$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+  exit 0
+fi
+
+latest_sha="$(gh api "repos/${REPO}/commits/master" --jq .sha)"
+if [ "${latest_sha}" = "${BUILD_SHA}" ]; then
+  echo "${OUTPUT_NAME}=true" >>"$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+else
+  echo "${OUTPUT_NAME}=false" >>"$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+  echo "::notice::master has moved on to ${latest_sha} since ${BUILD_SHA} was triggered — skipping this stale run."
+fi