fix: ODPS (MaxCompute) data source table preview failed

When using the ODPS (MaxCompute) data source, previewing partitioned
tables in SQLLab would fail because ODPS requires a partition to be
specified for partition tables.

This PR adds ODPS-specific handling:
- New OdpsEngineSpec with partition detection support
- Modified select_star to add partition filter for ODPS partition tables
- New Partition dataclass in sql/parse.py
- New is_odps_partitioned_table method in DatabaseDAO

Closes #32301

Co-Authored-By: zhutong6688 <zhutong66@163.com>
Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

superset/sql/parse.py

@@ -322,6 +322,37 @@ class Table:
         )
 
 
+@dataclass(eq=True, frozen=True)
+class Partition:
+    """
+    Partition object, with two attribute keys:
+    ispartitioned_table and partition_comlumn,
+    used to provide partition information
+    Here is an example of an object:
+    {"ispartitioned_table":true,"partition_column":["month","day"]}
+    """
+
+    is_partitioned_table: bool
+    partition_column: list[str] | None = None
+
+    def __str__(self) -> str:
+        """
+        Return the partition columns of table name.
+        """
+        partition_column_str = (
+            ", ".join(map(str, self.partition_column))
+            if self.partition_column
+            else "None"
+        )
+        return (
+            f"Partition(is_partitioned_table={self.is_partitioned_table}, "
+            f"partition_column=[{partition_column_str}])"
+        )
+
+    def __eq__(self, other: Any) -> bool:
+        return str(self) == str(other)
+
+
 # To avoid unnecessary parsing/formatting of queries, the statement has the concept of
 # an "internal representation", which is the AST of the SQL statement. For most of the
 # engines supported by Superset this is `sqlglot.exp.Expression`, but there is a special