---
title: Amazon Redshift
sidebar_label: Amazon Redshift
description: "Amazon Redshift is a fully managed data warehouse service."
hide_title: true
---

{/*
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at

  http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0

Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
*/}

import { DatabasePage } from '@site/src/components/databases';

export const databaseInfo = {"engine":"amazon_redshift","engine_name":"Amazon Redshift","module":"redshift","documentation":{"description":"Amazon Redshift is a fully managed data warehouse service.","logo":"redshift.png","homepage_url":"https://aws.amazon.com/redshift/","categories":["CLOUD_AWS","ANALYTICAL_DATABASES","PROPRIETARY"],"pypi_packages":["sqlalchemy-redshift"],"connection_string":"redshift+psycopg2://{username}:{password}@{host}:5439/{database}","default_port":5439,"parameters":{"username":"Database username","password":"Database password","host":"AWS Endpoint","port":"Default 5439","database":"Database name"},"drivers":[{"name":"psycopg2","pypi_package":"psycopg2","connection_string":"redshift+psycopg2://{username}:{password}@{host}:5439/{database}","is_recommended":true},{"name":"redshift_connector","pypi_package":"redshift_connector","connection_string":"redshift+redshift_connector://{username}:{password}@{host}:5439/{database}","is_recommended":false,"notes":"Supports IAM-based credentials for clusters and serverless."}],"authentication_methods":[{"name":"IAM Credentials (Cluster)","description":"Use IAM-based temporary database credentials for Redshift clusters","requirements":"IAM role must have redshift:GetClusterCredentials permission","connection_string":"redshift+redshift_connector://","engine_parameters":{"connect_args":{"iam":true,"database":"<database>","cluster_identifier":"<cluster_identifier>","db_user":"<db_user>"}}},{"name":"IAM Role (Serverless)","description":"Authenticate using the IAM role attached to the environment (EC2 instance profile, ECS task role, etc.). No credentials needed.","requirements":"The attached IAM role must have redshift-serverless:GetCredentials and redshift-serverless:GetWorkgroup permissions.","connection_string":"redshift+redshift_connector://","engine_parameters":{"connect_args":{"iam":true,"is_serverless":true,"serverless_acct_id":"<aws account number>","serverless_work_group":"<redshift work group>","database":"<database>","user":"IAMR:<superset iam role name>"}}},{"name":"IAM Access Key (Serverless)","description":"Authenticate using explicit AWS access key and secret. Suitable for local development or CI environments without an attached IAM role.","requirements":"The IAM user must have redshift-serverless:GetCredentials and redshift-serverless:GetWorkgroup permissions.","connection_string":"redshift+redshift_connector://","engine_parameters":{"connect_args":{"iam":true,"is_serverless":true,"serverless_acct_id":"<aws account number>","serverless_work_group":"<redshift work group>","database":"<database>","host":"<endpoint>","port":5439,"region":"<aws region>","access_key_id":"<aws access key id>","secret_access_key":"<aws secret access key>"}}}],"custom_errors":[{"regex_name":"CONNECTION_ACCESS_DENIED_REGEX","message_template":"Either the username \"%(username)s\" or the password is incorrect.","error_type":"CONNECTION_ACCESS_DENIED_ERROR","category":"Authentication","description":"Access denied","issue_codes":[1014,1015],"invalid_fields":["username","password"]},{"regex_name":"CONNECTION_INVALID_HOSTNAME_REGEX","message_template":"The hostname \"%(hostname)s\" cannot be resolved.","error_type":"CONNECTION_INVALID_HOSTNAME_ERROR","category":"Connection","description":"Invalid hostname","issue_codes":[1007],"invalid_fields":["host"]},{"regex_name":"CONNECTION_PORT_CLOSED_REGEX","message_template":"Port %(port)s on hostname \"%(hostname)s\" refused the connection.","error_type":"CONNECTION_PORT_CLOSED_ERROR","category":"Connection","description":"Port closed or refused","issue_codes":[1008],"invalid_fields":["host","port"]},{"regex_name":"CONNECTION_HOST_DOWN_REGEX","message_template":"The host \"%(hostname)s\" might be down, and can't be reached on port %(port)s.","error_type":"CONNECTION_HOST_DOWN_ERROR","category":"Connection","description":"Host unreachable","issue_codes":[1009],"invalid_fields":["host","port"]},{"regex_name":"CONNECTION_UNKNOWN_DATABASE_REGEX","message_template":"We were unable to connect to your database named \"%(database)s\". Please verify your database name and try again.","error_type":"CONNECTION_UNKNOWN_DATABASE_ERROR","category":"Connection","description":"Unknown database","issue_codes":[1015],"invalid_fields":["database"]}]},"time_grains":{"SECOND":true,"FIVE_SECONDS":true,"THIRTY_SECONDS":true,"MINUTE":true,"FIVE_MINUTES":true,"TEN_MINUTES":true,"FIFTEEN_MINUTES":true,"THIRTY_MINUTES":true,"HALF_HOUR":false,"HOUR":true,"SIX_HOURS":false,"DAY":true,"WEEK":true,"WEEK_STARTING_SUNDAY":false,"WEEK_STARTING_MONDAY":false,"WEEK_ENDING_SATURDAY":false,"WEEK_ENDING_SUNDAY":false,"MONTH":true,"QUARTER":true,"QUARTER_YEAR":false,"YEAR":true},"score":44,"max_score":201,"joins":true,"subqueries":true,"supports_dynamic_schema":false,"supports_catalog":false,"supports_dynamic_catalog":false,"ssh_tunneling":true,"supports_file_upload":true,"query_cancelation":true,"query_cost_estimation":false,"sql_validation":false,"user_impersonation":false};

<DatabasePage name="Amazon Redshift" database={databaseInfo} />
