feat(api): expose budget state (#1640)

* feat(api): expose budget state

* fix(api): guard malformed budget ids

* fix(api): address budget state review

* fix(api): address budget state review

* fix(api): document budget id formats

* fix(api): align budget category docs auth

* fix(api): lighten budget category index payload

* fix(api): use shared pagination clamp

* fix(api): centralize budget filter handling

app/controllers/api/v1/base_controller.rb

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ class Api::V1::BaseController < ApplicationController
   rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound, with: :handle_not_found
   rescue_from Doorkeeper::Errors::DoorkeeperError, with: :handle_unauthorized
   rescue_from ActionController::ParameterMissing, with: :handle_bad_request
+  rescue_from InvalidFilterError, with: :handle_invalid_filter
 
   private
 
@@ -256,6 +257,10 @@ class Api::V1::BaseController < ApplicationController
       render_json({ error: "bad_request", message: "Required parameters are missing or invalid" }, status: :bad_request)
     end
 
+    def handle_invalid_filter(exception)
+      render_validation_error(exception.message)
+    end
+
     def parse_date_param(key)
       Date.iso8601(params[key].to_s)
     rescue ArgumentError